01 -
Combine granulated sugar, lime juice, and water in a medium saucepan. Cook over medium heat, stirring regularly, until the sugar is completely dissolved, 3 to 4 minutes. Transfer to a shallow bowl or loaf pan and allow to cool completely.
02 -
Using a stand mixer with the whisk attachment, beat mascarpone cheese, sweetened condensed milk, lime juice, and kosher salt on low speed until just combined. Increase to medium speed and beat until smooth and creamy, 30 to 45 seconds, being careful not to overbeat. With the mixer running at medium speed, gradually pour in the cold heavy cream and continue beating until soft peaks form, 2 to 3 minutes.
03 -
Dip each ladyfinger individually into the key lime syrup, fully submerging it, then place in a 9x13-inch baking dish. Arrange them tightly together, breaking ladyfingers as needed to fit, until the bottom of the dish is covered completely with a single layer (approximately 20 ladyfingers).
04 -
Spread half of the mascarpone filling (about 3 cups) over the ladyfingers in an even layer.
05 -
Create a second layer of soaked ladyfingers, drizzling any remaining syrup over them. Spread the remaining mascarpone filling evenly across the top.
06 -
Cover the baking dish loosely and refrigerate for at least 12 hours or overnight. Before serving, garnish with finely grated lime zest.